Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St- Louis, St- Louis, Missouri 63121, USA-
Abstract: The eukaryotic Puf proteins bind 3' untranslated region -UTR- sequence elements to regulate the stability and translation of their target transcripts, and such regulatory events are critical for cell growth and development- Several global genome analyses have identified hundreds of potential mRNA targets of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Puf proteins; however, only three mRNA targets for these proteins have been characterized thus far- After direct testing of nearly 40 candidate mRNAs, we established two of these as true mRNA targets of Puf-mediated decay in yeast, HXK1 and TIF1- In a novel finding, multiple Puf proteins, including Puf1p, regulate both of these mRNAs in combination- TIF1 mRNA decay can be stimulated individually by Puf1p and Puf5p, but the combination of both proteins is required for full regulation- This Puf-mediated decay requires the presence of two UGUA binding sites within the TIF1 3' UTR, with one site regulated by Puf5p and the other by both Puf1p and Puf5p- Alteration of the UGUA site in the tif1 3' UTR to more closely resemble the Puf3p binding site broadens the specificity to include regulation by Puf3p- The stability of the endogenously transcribed HXK1 mRNA, cellular levels of Hxk1 protein activity, and HXK1 3' UTR-directed decay are affected by Puf1p and Puf5p as well as Puf4p- Together these results identify the first mRNA targets of Puf1p-mediated decay, describe similar yet distinct combinatorial control of two new target mRNAs by the yeast Puf proteins, and suggest the importance of direct testing to evaluate RNA-regulatory mechanisms-